{"id":4077,"date":"2020-08-12T14:16:40","date_gmt":"2020-08-12T14:16:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/?p=4077"},"modified":"2020-08-12T14:16:40","modified_gmt":"2020-08-12T14:16:40","slug":"psiha-dusa-svest-psiholoski-sistem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/?p=4077","title":{"rendered":"PSIHA, DU\u0160A, SVEST, PSIHOLO\u0160KI SISTEM"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/?attachment_id=4078\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-4078\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-4078\" src=\"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Mit-o-psihi-Amor-Psiha-Reinhold-Begas.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"296\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Mit-o-psihi-Amor-Psiha-Reinhold-Begas.jpg 372w, http:\/\/kpv.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Mit-o-psihi-Amor-Psiha-Reinhold-Begas-300x271.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0Ljiljana De\u0161evi\u0107: <\/strong>Egzaktne nauke sa manje ili vi\u0161e uspeha <em>razumeju, mere i menjaju <\/em>strukturu i funkcionisanje sistema kojima se bave. I pored toga one stagniraju u svom razvoju. Do\u0161le su do granice iza koje se nalaze nevidljivi delovi sistema.<\/p>\n<p>Zato \u0107e savremena nauka nu\u017eno morati da po\u010dne da se bavi <em>razumevanjem principa strukturiranja i funkcionisanja sistema. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Samo tako \u0107e savremena nauka mo\u0107i da razume nevidljive delove strukture vidljivih sistema i strukture onih sistema koji se nalaze u nama nevidljivom delu Univerzuma.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>Rezime<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Iz pozicije u kojoj se nalazimo mi vidimo da se Sunce okre\u0107e oko Zemlje. Fizi\u010dari su imali veliki problem da nas uvere u to da kod ovog fenomena, kao i kod mno\u0161tva drugih fenomena kojima se fizika bavi, \u201cni\u0161ta nije onako kao \u0161to izgleda\u201d. <em>Savremena psihologija<\/em> se bavi samo onim \u0161to se u psihi vidi iz pozicije u kojoj se nalazimo. To je razlog \u0161to psihologija jo\u0161 uvek nema definisan <em>predmet prou\u010davanja<\/em> koji bi joj omogu\u0107io da defini\u0161e svoje osnovne pojmove i da s<em>tandardizuje<\/em> metode koje, kao i svaka egzaktna nauka mora da ima. Te metode su: metoda istra\u017eivanja, metoda evaluacije istra\u017eivanja, metoda merenja, metoda izmene itd. Psihologija, na primer, psihu defini\u0161e preko pojmova du\u0161a i svest, koje tako\u0111e nije definisala, pojam du\u0161a defini\u0161e preko pojmova svest i psiha itd. Da bi psihologija svoje nere\u0161ene zadatke mogla da re\u0161i ona najpre mora da nas uveri u to da ni u psihi \u201cni\u0161ta nije onako kao \u0161to izgleda\u201d. Na\u0161e <em>istra\u017eivanj<\/em>e dokazuje da je psiha <em>sistem<\/em> i da zato predmet prou\u010davanja psihologije treba da bude sistem<em>.<\/em> Polaze\u0107i od te premise mi u ovoj studiji <em>defini\u0161emo<\/em> osnovne psiholo\u0161ke pojmove: psiholo\u0161ki sistem, emocije, du\u0161a, svest, nesvesno, um.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Klju\u010dne re\u010di<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Psiha, tj. psiholo\u0161ki sistem, nesvesno, prostor-vreme, filozofija, op\u0161ta teorija sistema, interdisciplinarnost.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Uvod<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Premise ove studije su:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Sve \u0161to postoji u Univerzumu, po\u010dev od nulte ta\u010dke Univerzuma, preko prostor-vremena, kvanta, atoma do psihe, je <em>sistem<\/em>;<\/li>\n<li>Svaki sistem ima slo\u017eenu i matemati\u010dki pravilnu <em>strukturu<\/em>;<\/li>\n<li>Na strukturi svakog sistema su zasnovane <em>funkcije<\/em> koje su istog stepena slo\u017eenosti i pravilnosti;<\/li>\n<li><em>Psiholo\u0161ki sistem<\/em> je najslo\u017eeniji, tj. najfunkcionalniji od svih sistema u trenutno poznatom Univerzumu. Taj je sistem toliko funkcionalan da je u stanju da <em>razume, izmeri i izmeni<\/em> druge sisteme, pa i samog sebe;<\/li>\n<li>Ako se poznaje struktura jednog sistema mogu se razumeti njegove funkcije i obrnuto;<\/li>\n<li>Iz pozicije iz koje se dati sistem opa\u017ea vidi se samo mali deo njegove strukture i funkcija ili se one uop\u0161te ne vide;<\/li>\n<li>Razli\u010diti sistemi, kakvi su, na primer, atom, Univerzum i psiholo\u0161ki sistem, imaju delom isti <em>princip strukturiranja i funkcionisanja<\/em>;<\/li>\n<li>Ako se poznaje princip strukturiranja i funkcionisanja ve\u0107eg broja <em>slo\u017eenijih sistema<\/em>, kakvi su, na primer kvant, atom i pre svega psiholo\u0161ki sistem, mo\u017ee se razumeti princip strukturiranja i funkcionisanja manje slo\u017eenih sistema kakvi su, na primer, nulta ta\u010dka Univerzuma i prostor-vreme.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Egzaktne nauke sa manje ili vi\u0161e uspeha <em>razumeju, mere i menjaju <\/em>strukturu i funkcionisanje sistema kojima se bave. I pored toga one stagniraju u svom razvoju. Do\u0161le su do granice iza koje se nalaze nevidljivi delovi sistema.<\/p>\n<p>Zato \u0107e savremena nauka nu\u017eno morati da po\u010dne da se bavi <em>razumevanjem principa strukturiranja i funkcionisanja sistema. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Samo tako \u0107e savremena nauka mo\u0107i da razume nevidljive delove strukture vidljivih sistema i strukture onih sistema koji se nalaze u nama nevidljivom delu Univerzuma.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Smatra se da \u0107e egzaktne nauke mo\u0107i da odgovore na svoja otvorena pitanja tek onda kada psihologija \u201eiskora\u010di preko horizonta nauke\u201c i odgovori na svoja otvorena pitanja.<\/p>\n<p>Kada, na primer, psihologija odgovori na pitanje: po kom principu se misao <em>momentalno <\/em>kre\u0107e (funkcioni\u0161e) po strukturi psiholo\u0161kog sistema, fizika \u0107e objasniti po kom principu su<em> strukturirani <\/em>fizi\u010dki sistemi koji <em>funkcioni\u0161u <\/em>po principu momentalnosti. Ona \u0107e mo\u0107i da odgovori na pitanja kao \u0161to su:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Po kom principu je strukturiran kvant i s tim u vezi: po kom principu su kvanti spregnuti;<\/li>\n<li>Kako je nastao prostor Univerzuma (po kom principu je Univerzum momentalno strukturiran) i s tim u vezi: po kom principu je strukturiran i kako funkcioni\u0161e sistem prostor-vreme i sl.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ono \u0161to ko\u010di dalji razvoj nauke le\u017ei u \u010dinjenici da psihologija jo\u0161 uvek nije ispunila svoje osnovne zadatke:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Nije postavila sistem za <em>predmet prou\u010davanja<\/em>;<\/li>\n<li>Nije definisala <em>osnovne pojmove<\/em> kao \u0161to su: psiha, du\u0161a, svest, um, nesvesno i sl;<\/li>\n<li>Nije standardizovala slede\u0107e metode:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Metodu<\/em> <em>istra\u017eivanja<\/em> psiholo\u0161kog sistema;<\/li>\n<li><em>Metodu<\/em> <em>evaluacije istra\u017eivanja<\/em> psiholo\u0161kog sistema;<\/li>\n<li><em>Metodu<\/em> <em>merenja <\/em>psiholo\u0161kog sistema, tj. metodu psihodijagnostike;<\/li>\n<li><em>Metodu izmene<\/em> psiholo\u0161kog sistema, tj. metodu psihoterapije i sl.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Metoda <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Psihoanaliti\u010dka psihoterapija je <em>istra\u017eiva\u010dka metoda<\/em> pomo\u0107u koje smo izveli teorijska uop\u0161tavanja izneta u ovoj studiji.<\/p>\n<p>Na psihoanaliti\u010dku psihoterapiju klijent dolazi zbog:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Psiholo\u0161kih tegoba, <\/em>kakve su: <strong>strah, panika, depresija i sl;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><em>Somatskih tegoba,<\/em> kakve su: lupanje srca, gu\u0161enje, trnjenje dela tela, i sl<strong>;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><em>Postupaka koji stvaraju tegobe,<\/em> kakvi su: nesanica, seksualna disfunkcija, nemogu\u0107nost zavr\u0161avanja zapo\u010detog posla i<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>U svakodnevnom \u017eivotu i tokom psihoanaliti\u010dke psihoterapije <em>opa\u017eamo<\/em> samo mali broj komponenti <em>strukture<\/em> psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/p>\n<p>Komponente koje \u010dine strukturu psiholo\u0161kog sistema mo\u017eemo podeliti na:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Makro strukturalne komponente;<\/li>\n<li>Mikro strukturalne komponente.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Makro strukturalne komponente <\/em>psiholo\u0161kog sistema su:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ono \u0161to trenutno <em>do\u017eivljavamo<\/em>;<\/li>\n<li>Ono \u0161to smo <em>do\u017eiveli<\/em> i zapamtili;<\/li>\n<li>Ono \u0161to smo <em>do\u017eiveli<\/em> i zaboravili1.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Strukturu svakog <em>do\u017eivljaja<\/em>, pa tako i aktuelnog do\u017eivljaja i se\u0107anja, \u010dine \u010detiri grupe <em>mikrostrukturalnih komponenti. <\/em>To su:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Okolnosti u kojima se nalazimo;<\/li>\n<li>Psiholo\u0161ke reakcije (u koje spadaju psiholo\u0161ke tegobe i bolesti);<\/li>\n<li>Somatske reakcije (u koje spadaju somatske tegobe i bolesti);<\/li>\n<li>Postupci.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>To zna\u010di da okolnosti, reakcije (psiholo\u0161ke i somatske) i postupci \u010dine gradivne komponente psiholo\u0161kog dela psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/p>\n<p>Osim ovih komponenti u vidljivom delu psiholo\u0161kog sistema ne postoji vi\u0161e ni\u0161ta.<em>\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Psihoanaliti\u010dka psihoterapija nam otkriva da se sve mikrostrukturalne komponente iz pro\u0161losti (na primer: pas koji laje, strah, prekid disanja, be\u017eanje) <em>na matemati\u010dki pravilan na\u010din i bez ostatka <\/em><em>sadr\u017ee<\/em> (traju, ugra\u0111ene su, postoje) u aktuelnom do\u017eivljaju, u njegovim:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Okolnostima (ispit);<\/li>\n<li>Psiholo\u0161kim reakcijama (trema, panika);<\/li>\n<li>Somatskim reakcijama (gu\u0161enje, sr\u010dane tegobe);<\/li>\n<li>Postupcima (odustajanje od ispita).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Trajanje<\/em> mikrostrukturalnih komponenti psiholo\u0161kog sistema iz pro\u0161losti u mikrostrukturalnim komponentama psiholo\u0161kog sistema u budu\u0107nosti su <em>konekcije<\/em> psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/p>\n<p>Konekcije psiholo\u0161kog sistema su nevidljivi deo strukture psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/p>\n<p>Drugim re\u010dima: Sve \u0161to je u jednom trenutku \u201cu\u0161lo\u201d u psiholo\u0161ki sistem trajno ostaje u psiholo\u0161kom sistemu i uti\u010de na budu\u0107e reakcije i postupke \u010doveka.<\/p>\n<p>Psihologija mo\u017ee da razume princip konektovanja vidljivih i nevidljivih komponenti psiholo\u0161kog sistema samo uz pomo\u0107 dubinske psihoterapije, kakva je psihoanaliza.<\/p>\n<p>____________<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Zabopravljaju se<\/em> do\u017eivljaji tokom kojih su se sticala znanja i ve\u0161tine. <em>Pamte se<\/em> do\u017eivljaji koji su relevantni za strukturiranje psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Definicija principa strukturiranja psiholo\u0161kog sistema<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sada imamo dovoljno elemeneta da <em>defini\u0161emo<\/em> princip strukturiranja psiholo\u0161kog sistema. Ta definicija glasi:<\/p>\n<p><em>Sve okolnosti, reakcije i postupci koji su se ranije desili se, na matemati\u010dki pravilan na\u010din ugra\u0111uju, tj. traju u budu\u0107im okolnostima, reakcijama i postupcima. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Predlog za uvo\u0111enje novih pojmova u psihologiju<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rekli smo da su okolnosti, reakcije i postupci <em>gradivne komponente<\/em> strukture psiholo\u0161kog sistema. Njihovo <em>o<\/em><em>pa\u017eanje i pam\u0107enje<\/em> su <em>psiholo\u0161ki procesi<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ako <em>psiholo\u0161ke procese<\/em> defini\u0161emo kao <em>funkcije<\/em> psiholo\u0161kog sistema, mo\u017eemo re\u0107i:<\/p>\n<p><em>O<\/em><em>pa\u017eene, zapam\u0107ene i zaboravljene okolnosti, reakcije i postupci su istovremeno: <\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>I g<\/em><em>radivne komponente psiholo\u0161kog sistema; <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>I funkcije psiholo\u0161kog sistema. <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Na ovom mestu u studiju uvodimo slede\u0107e pojmove:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Isto-istovremeno;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Komponenta-funkcija; <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Struktura-funkcija; <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Komponenta-proces;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Proces-funkcija<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Koriste\u0107i ove pojmove mo\u017eemo da postavimo kona\u010dnu definiciju principa po kome je psiholo\u0161ki sistem strukturiran. Ta definicija glasi:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Trajanje komponenti-procesa koji su ranije strukturirani u strukturi komponenti-procesa koji se kasnije strukturiraju je princip po kome je psiholo\u0161ki sistem strukturiran.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Sada imamo dovoljno elemeneta i da, <em>gledano <\/em><em>iz ugla<\/em> <em>strukture sistema<\/em>, defini\u0161emo pojmove koji su predmet ovog rada.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Definicije osnovnih psiholo\u0161kih pojmova<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><u>Psiholo\u0161ki sistem<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Ako po\u0111emo od \u010dinjenice da su strukturalne komponente psiholo\u0161kog sistema istovremeno i funkcije tog sistema mo\u017eemo re\u0107i:<\/p>\n<p><em>Psiholo\u0161ki sistem je ukupnost vidljivih i nevidljivih komponenti-funkcija i njihovih konekcija najslo\u017eenijeg od svih poznatih sistema. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><u>Emocije<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Emocije (sre\u0107a<strong>, strah, depresija i sl.<\/strong>) su pojedina\u010dne <em>psiholo\u0161ke reakcije<\/em> vidljivog dela strukture psiholo\u0161kog sistema. One \u010doveku stvaraju psiholo\u0161ku prijatnost, neprijatnost i bol.<\/p>\n<p>Re\u010deno terminima strukture sistema:<\/p>\n<p><em>Emocije su pojedina\u010dne komponente-funkcije opa\u017eanju dostupnog<\/em><em> dela strukture <\/em><em>psiholo\u0161kog sistema koje stvaraju psiholo\u0161ku prijatnost, neprijatnost i bol.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><u>Du\u0161a <\/u><\/p>\n<p>Du\u0161a je <em>ukupnost<\/em> svih emocionalnih komponenti-funkcija vidljivog i nevidljivog dela strukture psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/p>\n<p>Re\u010deno terminima strukture sistema:<\/p>\n<p><em>Du\u0161a je oblast ili podru\u010dje psiholo\u0161kog sistema koje \u010dine njegove ukupne opa\u017eaju dostupne i nedostupne emocionalne komponente-f<\/em><em>unkcije.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><u>Svest<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Svest se odnosi na funkcionisanje psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/p>\n<p><em>Svest je ukupnost opa\u017eanja i pam\u0107enja: <\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Spolja\u0161njih okolnost; <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Psiholo\u0161kih reakcija, tj. psiholo\u0161kog <\/em><em>funkcionisanja; <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Somatskih reakcija, tj. somatskog funkcionisanja;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>P<\/em><em>ona\u0161anja. <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><u>Nesvesno, tj. nevidljivo-nerazumljivo<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Defini\u0161u\u0107i psihu kao sistem nu\u017eno \u0107e se <em>pojam nesvesno<\/em> definisati kao <em>nevidljivo-nerazumljivi deo <\/em>psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/p>\n<p>Nama su nevidljivi i time nerazumljivi procesi (konekcije) koje se odvijaju izme\u0111u pro\u0161lih i sada\u0161njih komponenti strukture psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/p>\n<p>Re\u010deno terminima strukture sistema:<\/p>\n<p><em>Ranije strukturirane komponente-procesi koji se sadr\u017ee u <\/em><em>strukturi <\/em><em>aktuelnih komponenti-procesa su nevidljivi-nerazumljivi deo strukture psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><u>Um <\/u><\/p>\n<p>Um se odnosi na kognitivno (intelektualno) funkcionisanje psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/p>\n<p><em>U<\/em><em>m je <\/em><em>ukupnost (vidljivog i nevidljivog) <\/em><em>kognitivnog funkcionisanja<\/em><em> psiholo\u0161kog sistema.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Zaklju\u010dak <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ova studija je na\u0161 prilog za pokretanje <em>redefinisanja <\/em>predmeta prou\u010davanja psihologije.<\/p>\n<p>Psihologija zasnovana na poznavanju strukture psiholo\u0161kog sistema bi se sa lako\u0107om u\u010dila i ve\u017ebala na svim nivoima obrazovanja. Poznavanje strukture sopstvenog psiholo\u0161kog sistema je na\u010din da \u010dovek bude mentalno zdrav i moralan. Kada \u010dove\u010danstvo dobije mentalno zdravog i moralnog pojedinca ono je dobilo sve.<\/p>\n<p>Kada psihologija bude razumela princip strukturiranja psiholo\u0161kog sistema i filozofija, sociologija, pedagogija, op\u0161ta teorija sistema, teorja interdisciplinarnosti itd. \u0107e postati egzaktne.<\/p>\n<p>Prou\u010davanjem strukture psiholo\u0161kog sistema psihologija \u0107e stati ne samo u red, ve\u0107 i na \u010delo svih fundamentalnih egzaktnih nauka, gde joj je odavno i bilo mesto.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>CV autorke<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ljiljana De\u0161evi\u0107, ro\u0111ena Koji\u0107, ro\u0111ena je 1952. godine u Beogradu (Republika Srbija). Diplomirala je na Filozofskom fakultetu Univerziteta u Beogradu na katedri za psihologiju. Edukaciju za psihoanaliti\u010dku psihoterapiju zavrsila je kod profesorke dr Milice Joji\u0107 Milenkovi\u0107. Najve\u0107i deo radnnog veka provela je rade\u0107i kao klini\u010dki psiholog u Centru za mentalno zdravlje u Pljevljima (Republika Crna Gora).<\/p>\n<p>Ono \u0161to njenu nekonvencionalnu nau\u010dnu karijeru \u010dini specifi\u010dnom je to \u0161to je vi\u0161e od trideset godina bila jedini psiholog u gradu sa oko 40 000 stanovnika. Za to vreme se bavila svim granama psihologije rade\u0107i sa svim kategorijama klijenata. Danas, u doba specijalizacije, ovakvu priliku da pri\u0111u svim modalitetima ukupnog psiholo\u0161kog sistema, psiholozi vi\u0161e nemaju.<\/p>\n<p>Ova studija je produkt vi\u0161edecenijskog eksperimentisanja autorke metodama psihodijagnostike i psihoanaliti\u010dke psihoterapije.<\/p>\n<p>Od 2006. godine autorka publikuje radove iz oblasti strukture sistema.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Preporu\u010dena lteratura<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Frojd: Sabrana dela<\/li>\n<li>Dostignu\u0107a savremenih egzaktnih nauka<\/li>\n<li>Ljiljana De\u0161evi\u0107:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.psychostructurology.rs\/works\/The%20Psychological%20System.pdf\">The Psychological System: Structure and Alternation of the Structure<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.psychostructurology.rs\/works\/The%20Psychological%20System.pdf\">http:\/\/www.psychostructurology.rs\/works\/The%20Psychological%20System.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>PSYCHE, <\/strong><strong>SOUL, <\/strong><strong>CONSCIOUSNESS,<\/strong><strong> PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ljiljana De\u0161evi\u0107<\/p>\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>From our standpoint we can see that the Sun revolves around the Earth. Physicists hadserious difficulties convincing us that with this phenomenon, as with many other phenomena that physics deals with, &#8222;nothing is as it seems.&#8220;<em>Modern psychology <\/em>deals only with what is seen in the psyche from the position we are in.This is the reason why psychology still does not have a defined <em>subject of study<\/em> that would enable it to define its basic concepts and to <em>standardise<\/em> the methods that, like any exact science, it must have. These methods are: research method, research evaluation method, measurement method, modification method, etc.For example, psychology defines the psyche through the concepts of soul and consciousness, which it has not defined either.It also defines the concept of soul through the concepts of consciousness and psyche, etc. In order to be able to solve its unresolved issues, psychology must first convince us that even in the psyche &#8222;nothing is as it seems&#8220;. Our <em>research<\/em> proves that the psyche is a systemand for that reason the subject of\u00a0 study of psychology should be the system. Starting from that premise, in this study we define the basic psychological concepts: psychological system, emotions, soul, consciousness, unconscious, mind.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Key words <\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Psyche ie. the psychological system<\/li>\n<li>Unconscious<\/li>\n<li>Time &#8211; space<\/li>\n<li>Philosophy<\/li>\n<li>General systems theory<\/li>\n<li>Interdisciplinary<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The premises of this study are:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li>Everything that exists in the Universe, starting from the zero point of the Universe, through space-time, quantum, and atoms,finishing with the psyche, is a system.<\/li>\n<li>Every system has a complex and mathematically precise<em>structure<\/em>;<\/li>\n<li><em>Functions <\/em>of the same degree of complexity and regularity are based on the structure of each system.;<\/li>\n<li><em>The psychological system <\/em>is the most complex, ie. the most functional of all systems in the currently known Universe. This system is so functional that it is able to understand, measure and modify other systems, including itself;<\/li>\n<li>If we know the structure of a system, we can understand its functions and vice versa;<\/li>\n<li>From the position of perceiving a given system, only a small part of its structure and functions can be seen or they cannot be seen at all;<\/li>\n<li>Different systems, such as the atom, the Universe, and the psychological system, have in part the same principle of <em>structuring and functioning<\/em>;<\/li>\n<li>If we know the principle of structuring and functioning of a larger number of<em>more complex systems<\/em>, such as quantum, atom and,especially, psychological system, we can understand the principle of structuring and functioning of less complex systems such as zero point of the Universe and space-time.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>With more or less success, exact sciences <em>understand, measure and modify <\/em>the structure and functioning of the systems with which they deal. Nevertheless, their development stagnates. They have reached the limit beyond which the invisible parts of the system lie.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, modern science will necessarily have to start dealing with <em>understanding the principles of structuring and functioning of the system.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This is the only way in which modern science will be able to understand the invisible parts of the structure of visible systems and the structure of those systems whichexist in the invisible part of the Universe.<\/p>\n<p>It is believed that exact sciences will be able to answer their open questions when psychology &#8222;steps beyond the horizon of science&#8220; and answers its open questions.<\/p>\n<p>When, for example, psychology answers the questionon what principle the thought <em>instantly<\/em> moves (functions) through the structure of the psychological system, physics will explain on what principle physical systems that <em>function<\/em> on the principle of instantaneity are <em>structured<\/em>. Then it will be able to answer the questions such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>On what principle is the quantum structured and in this connection: on what principle are the quanta coupled?<\/li>\n<li>How did the space of the Universe come into being (on what principle is the Universe instantaneously structured) and in connection with that: on what principle is the space-time system structured and how does it work, etc.?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>What hinders the further development of science lies in the fact that psychology has not yet fulfilled its basic tasks:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>It has not set up a system for <em>the subject of study<\/em>;<\/li>\n<li>It has not defined <em>basic concepts<\/em> such as: psyche, soul, consciousness, mind, unconscious, etc.;<\/li>\n<li>It has not standardized the following methods:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><em>The research method<\/em>of the psychological system;<\/li>\n<li><em>The research evaluation method<\/em>of the psychological system;<\/li>\n<li><em>The measurement method<\/em>of the psychological system ie. the psychodiagnostic method,<\/li>\n<li><em>The modification method<\/em>of the psychological system ie.the psychotherapy method,etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Method<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Psychoanalytic psychotherapy is a <em>research method<\/em>by which we made the theoretical generalizations presented in this study.<\/p>\n<p>A client comes to a psychoanalytic psychotherapy because of:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><em>Psychological disorders,<\/em>such as: <strong>fear, panic, depressionetc.;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><em>Somaticdisorders,<\/em>such as:palpitation, choking, tingling of body partsetc.<strong>;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><em>Actions which create disorders,<\/em>such as: insomnia, sexual dysfunction,inability to complete the work etc.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>In everyday life and during the psychoanalytic psychotherapy we <em>observe <\/em>only a small number of the components of the psychological system <em>structure<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>The components that make up the structure of the psychological system can be divided into:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>Macrostructural components;<\/li>\n<li>Microstructural components.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Macrostructural <\/em><em>components<\/em>of the psychological system are:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>What we are currently<em>experiencing<\/em>;<\/li>\n<li>What we have<em>experienced<\/em>and remembered;<\/li>\n<li>What we have<em>experienced<\/em> and forgotten<sup>1<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The structure of every<em>experience<\/em>, including a current experience and memory,is made up of four groups of <em>microstructural components. <\/em>Those are:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>The circumstances in which we find ourselves;<\/li>\n<li>Psychological reactions(including psychological disorders and illnesses);<\/li>\n<li>Somatic reactions (which include somatic ailments and diseases)<\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>This means that the circumstances, reactions (psychological and somatic) and actions are structural components of the psychological part of the psychological system.<\/p>\n<p>Beside the mentioned components there is nothing else in the visible part of a psychological system.<\/p>\n<p>Psychoanalytic psychotherapy reveals that all the microstructural components from the past (e.g. a barking dog, fear, cessation of breathing, running away) are <em>with mathematical precision and with no doubt<\/em>included (last, are built in, exist) in the current experience, within its:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Circumstances (examination);<\/li>\n<li>Psychological reactions (tremor, panic);<\/li>\n<li>Somatic reactions (choking, heart problems);<\/li>\n<li>Actions(giving up on an exam).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The<em> duration <\/em>of the microstructural components of the psychological system from the past in the microstructural components of the psychological system in the future are the<em> connections <\/em>of the psychological system.<\/p>\n<p>Theconnectionsof the psychological system are an invisible part of its structure.<\/p>\n<p>In other words:Everything that &#8222;entered&#8220; the psychological system at one point permanently remains in the psychological system and affects future reactions and actions of a person.<\/p>\n<p>Psychology is able to understand the principle of connecting visible and invisible components of the psychological system only with the help of depth psychotherapy, such as psychoanalysis.<\/p>\n<p>____________<\/p>\n<p><em>1 <\/em>Experiences during which knowledge and skills were acquired are<em> forgotten. <\/em>Experiences that are relevant for structuring the psychological system are <em>remembered.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Definition of the principle of structuring the psychological system<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Now we have enough elements for <em>defining<\/em> the principle of structuring the psychological system. Here is the definition:<\/p>\n<p><em>All circumstances, reactions and actions that have happened before are, with mathematical precision, incorporated i.e. last in futurecircumstances, reactions and actions.\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Proposal for introducting new concepts in psychology<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>We have pointed out that circumstances, reactions and actions are <em>the structural components <\/em>of the psychological system. <em>Observing and remembering<\/em> them are <em>psychologycal processes<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>If we define the <em>psychological processes <\/em>asthe <em>functions<\/em>of the psychological system, we can say that:<\/p>\n<p><em>Observed, remembered and forgotten circumstances, reactions and actions are at the same time: <\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Structural components of the psychological system: <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Functions of the psychological system. <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>At this point we are introducing the following concepts into the study:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Same-simultaneous;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Component-function;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Structure-function;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Component -process;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Process-<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Using these terms, we can set the final definition of the principle according to which the psychological system is structured. Here is the definition:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>The duration of the components-processes which were structured earlier in the structure of the components-processes which are structured later is a principle on which the psychological system is structured.\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Now we have enough elements to,<em>seen from the angle of the system structure,<\/em>define the concepts which are the subject of this study.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Definitions of basic psychological concepts<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><u>Psychologicalsystem<\/u><\/p>\n<p>If we start from the fact that the structural components of the psychological system are at the same time the functions of that system, we can say that:<\/p>\n<p><em>The psychological system is a totality of visible and invisible components \u2013 functions and their connections of the most complex of all the known systems.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><u>Emotions<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Emotions (happiness<strong>, fear, depression etc.<\/strong>)are individual<em>psychologicalreactions <\/em>of the visible part of the psychological system structure. They create psychological pleasure, discomfort and pain for a person.<\/p>\n<p>In terms of the system structure:<\/p>\n<p><em>Emotions are individual components-functions of the observation of the available part of the psychological system structure which createpsychological pleasure, discomfort and pain. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><u>Soul<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Soul is the<em>totality <\/em>of all emotional components\u2013functions of both the visible and the invisible part of the psychological system structure.<\/p>\n<p>In terms of the system structure:<\/p>\n<p><em>Soul is a region or area of the psychological system consisting of its overall observable and unobservable emotional components-functions.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><u>Consciousness<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Consciousness refers to functioning of the psychological system.<\/p>\n<p><em>Consciousnessis the totality of perception and memory of the following:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>1 External circumstances; <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>2 Psychological reactions, ie.observable: psychological functioning:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>3 Somatic reactions, ie.somatic functioning;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>4 Behaviour.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><u>Unconscious, ie.invisible-incomprehensible<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Defining the psyche as a system, the <em>term unconscious <\/em>is inevitably defined as the <em>invisible-incomprehensible<\/em>partof the psychological system.<\/p>\n<p>The processes (connections) which take place between the past and present components of the psychological system structure are invisible and thus incomprehensible for us.<\/p>\n<p>In terms of the system structure:<\/p>\n<p><em>Previously structured components-processes contained in the structure of the current components-processes are the <\/em><em>invisible-incomprehensible<\/em><em>part of the psychological system structure.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><u>Mind<\/u><\/p>\n<p>Mind refers to the cognitive (intellectual) functioning of the psychological system.<\/p>\n<p><em>Mind is a totality of the (both visible and invisible) cognitive functioning of the psychological system.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This study is a proposal to initiate a <em>redefinition<\/em> of the subject matter of psychology.<\/p>\n<p>Psychology based on knowledge of the structure of the psychological system would be easily learned and practiced at all levels of education. Knowing the structure of one&#8217;s own psychological system is a way for a person to be mentally healthy and moral. When humanity gets a mentally healthy and moral individual, it gets everything.<\/p>\n<p>When psychology understands the principle of structuring the psychological system, philosophy, sociology, pedagogy, general systems theory, theory of interdisciplinary, etc. will also become exact.<\/p>\n<p>Studying the psychological system structure, psychology will not only become classified as a science, but will stand at the front of the fundamental exact sciences, where it has belonged for a long time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>About the author<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>LjiljanaDe\u0161evi\u0107,neeKoji\u0107, was born in1952 in Belgrade (The Republic of Serbia). She graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Belgrade at the Department of Psychology.She completed her psychoanalytical therapy education with the Professor Milica Jojic Milenkovic PhD. She spent most of the time working as a clinical psychologist at the Centre for Mental Healthin Pljevlja (The Republic of Montenegro).<\/p>\n<p>What makes her unconventional scientific career specific is the fact that she used to be the only psychologist in the town of approximately 40,000 inhabitants. During that time she dealt with all branches of psychology working with all categories of clients. Nowadays, during their specialisation, psychologists do not have such an opportunity to approach all the modalities of the psychological system any more. This study is the product of decades of the author&#8217;s experimentation with the methods of psychodiagnostics and psychoanalytic psychotherapy.<\/p>\n<p>Since 2006, the author has been publishing papers in the field of the system structure.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Literature<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>Freud: Collected works<\/li>\n<li>Achievements of modern exact sciences<\/li>\n<li>LjiljanaDe\u0161evi\u0107:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.psychostructurology.rs\/works\/The%20Psychological%20System.pdf\">The Psychological System: Structure and Alternation of theStructure<\/a><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.psychostructurology.rs\/works\/The%20Psychological%20System.pdf\">http:\/\/www.psychostructurology.rs\/works\/The%20Psychological%20System.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"jwsharethis\">\nPodelite \u010dlanak: \n<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:?subject=PSIHA%2C%20DU%C5%A0A%2C%20SVEST%2C%20PSIHOLO%C5%A0KI%20SISTEM&amp;body=http%3A%2F%2Fkpv.rs%2F%3Fp%3D4077\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/wp-content\/plugins\/jw-share-this\/email.png\" alt=\"Podelite putem email-a\" \/>\n<\/a>\n<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fkpv.rs%2F%3Fp%3D4077&amp;t=PSIHA%2C+DU%C5%A0A%2C+SVEST%2C+PSIHOLO%C5%A0KI+SISTEM\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/wp-content\/plugins\/jw-share-this\/fb.png\" alt=\"Podelite ovaj tekst na facebook-u\" \/>\n<\/a>\n<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=I+like+http%3A%2F%2Fkpv.rs%2F%3Fp%3D4077&amp;title=PSIHA%2C+DU%C5%A0A%2C+SVEST%2C+PSIHOLO%C5%A0KI+SISTEM\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/wp-content\/plugins\/jw-share-this\/twitter.png\" alt=\"Podelite putem Twitter-a\" \/>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0Ljiljana De\u0161evi\u0107: Egzaktne nauke sa manje ili vi\u0161e uspeha razumeju, mere i menjaju strukturu i funkcionisanje sistema kojima se bave. I pored toga one stagniraju u svom razvoju. Do\u0161le su do granice iza koje se nalaze nevidljivi delovi sistema. Zato \u0107e savremena nauka nu\u017eno morati da po\u010dne da se bavi razumevanjem principa strukturiranja i funkcionisanja [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11,12,37],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4077"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/53"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4077"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4077\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4079,"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4077\/revisions\/4079"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4077"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4077"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kpv.rs\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4077"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}